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Influence of local heating to PM10 levels in urban atmosphere
Píšová, Martina ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Škrabalová, Lenka (referee)
This master thesis evaluates the spatial variability of concentrations of PM10 on the area of towns Mladá Boleslav, Kosmonosy and small village Plazy during one month in the winter of 2013. Using a network measurements, we tried to determine whether sources of pollution are inside the city, or whether these harmful substances are transferred from the outside of the city to the area of the city. For the measurements we used a set of 9 portable laser nephelometers DustTrak (8520, TSI), which were placed on the roofs of schools. In the same time the device called beta-prachoměr (beta dust-meter) was continuously measuring concentrations of PM10, and we also monitored basic meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction). All these parameters were continuously measured at five minutes intervals. Also we did personal walks through the city, during which we measured personal exposure to PM10 concentrations. This exposure was compared with exposure of stationary monitors, and finally the differences were quantified. In Mladá Boleslav and in Kosmonosy, the same trend of concentrations of PM10 was observed at all selected locations in the city. Different trend of PM10 concentrations was observed in the village Plazy, where the peaks were higher and more frequent, especially in...
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Spatio-temporal PM2.5 variability in village during winter.
Štědrá, Karolína ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Bendl, Jan (referee)
This thesis evaluates the spatial variability of PM2.5 concentrations during two winter months in the small village Lbín close to Teplice at the turn of the year 2017/2018. The PM2.5 concentrations were monitored through a dedicated monitoring network using a total of eight DustTrak laser nephelometers (Model 8520). Six DustTraks were located directly in the village in the valley, one of them was located on the hill above the valley and the last one was located approximately in the half of the hill. Using a network measurements, we tried to determine that the household heatings are the main sources of air pollution in the village. The basic meteorological parameters - wind speed and direction, temperature and air humidity were monitored together with PM2.5 concentrations. It was observed statistically significant difference between the measuring stations, which points to the unevenly distribution of pollution sources. The particle concentrations typically reach peak values in the morning and in the evening. The maximum peak values were 2607 μg·m-3 in December and 4347 μg·m-3 in January. The lowest maximum values were 223 μg·m-3 and 177 μg·m-3 for devices located above the village. An important factor contributing to the current situation was wind speed. If the wind speed was higher than 1,29 m·s-1...
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Influence of local heating to PM10 levels in urban atmosphere
Píšová, Martina ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Škrabalová, Lenka (referee)
This master thesis evaluates the spatial variability of concentrations of PM10 on the area of towns Mladá Boleslav, Kosmonosy and small village Plazy during one month in the winter of 2013. Using a network measurements, we tried to determine whether sources of pollution are inside the city, or whether these harmful substances are transferred from the outside of the city to the area of the city. For the measurements we used a set of 9 portable laser nephelometers DustTrak (8520, TSI), which were placed on the roofs of schools. In the same time the device called beta-prachoměr (beta dust-meter) was continuously measuring concentrations of PM10, and we also monitored basic meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction). All these parameters were continuously measured at five minutes intervals. Also we did personal walks through the city, during which we measured personal exposure to PM10 concentrations. This exposure was compared with exposure of stationary monitors, and finally the differences were quantified. In Mladá Boleslav and in Kosmonosy, the same trend of concentrations of PM10 was observed at all selected locations in the city. Different trend of PM10 concentrations was observed in the village Plazy, where the peaks were higher and more frequent, especially in...
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Analysis of the factors leading households in Mělník area to use environmentally thrifty type of heating
Mužíková, Hana ; Louda, Jiří (advisor) ; Malý, Vítězslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to indentify the determinants which influence households in selection of type of heating. The survey realized as a structured personal interview with the representatives of 70 households in Mělník -- Chloumek area, provides the information about the factors influencing respondents in selection of type of heating. Through multiple regression analysis was proved that the main factors are age, level of education, household income in total and size of dwelling. However these predictors are statistically quite insignificant. For more significant results it should be analyzed larger dataset.
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Analysis of factors affecting the selection of species fuel in domestic heating in Libeř and its surroundings
Matějka, Tomáš ; Louda, Jiří (advisor) ; Malý, Vítězslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the factors that influence people's decisions when selecting the type of fuel in domestic heating in a particular area. Air pollution causes local furnace negative health and economic impacts. With 50 personal structured interviews conducted research in Libeř and its surroundings. These findings indicate the influence of financial savings as an important factor in the decision of the respondents, while environmental responsibility does not appear to be a significant factor influencing the decision of the respondents. The nature of the problem depends on several interacting factors. For a credible identification of factors would need larger population of people.
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Efficiency of regulation of minor stationary pollution sources
Blažková, Pavla ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
Despite the fact that most of developed countries are succesful in reducing emissions of pollutants, the problem in many places is still deteriorating air quality situation. Air pollution is a problem also for the Czech Republic, where some regions are more affected than others. Therefore was in this thesis chosen one of them, the area of northern Bohemia and specifically the area of Teplice. The work focuses on pollution caused by local heating device because this pollution is not currently regulated. The aim of this work is to determine the behavior of households for heating by local heating device through a questionnaire survey. Especially was monitored the reaction for potential regulatory tool- the motivational subsidy. From these data was in more detail examined the dependence between the amount of subsidies and net monthly income using the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. Research showed no major statistical context, however, for the first time was held an investigation of multispecies heating in households thanks to which it can be better analyzed the reasons for frequent heating with solid fuels.
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